Linksys AC Series Router Configuration Tips for OpenWRT: Difference between revisions
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This article has gotten huge. Well, not really. It's an aggregation article that has a bunch of other articles on the same subject which links to and displays the content of the other pages. There is a lot of information here. It is in large part a brain dump of learned knowledge. This means that there hasn't been a lot of editing or neatening up of what's written. Sorry, there just isn't enough time. Maybe one day. | This article has gotten huge. Well, not really. Actually yes. It's an aggregation article that has a bunch of other articles on the same subject which links to and displays the content of the other pages. There is a lot of information here. It is in large part a brain dump of learned knowledge. This means that there hasn't been a lot of editing or neatening up of what's written. Sorry, there just isn't enough time. Maybe one day. | ||
Anyway, what you'll find here is a bunch of information collected on a bunch of different subjects. Many of them relate to very difficult problems that have solutions which will hopefully be valuable and help anyone that can't figure out an issue or how to make something they've pictured in their head but aren't sure how to implement. | Anyway, what you'll find here is a bunch of information collected on a bunch of different subjects. Many of them relate to very difficult problems that have solutions which will hopefully be valuable and help anyone that can't figure out an issue or how to make something they've pictured in their head but aren't sure how to implement. | ||
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Change a Volume Label; | Change a Volume Label; | ||
*tune2fs -L WhatEverName /dev/sdaX | *For EXT4: tune2fs -L WhatEverName /dev/sdaX | ||
*For NTFS: ntfslabel /dev/sdXy WhatEverLabelName | |||
*For a Swap File (opkg install swap-utils): swaplabel /dev/sdXy WhatEverLabelName | |||
====Performance Tuning for ExtX==== | ====Performance Tuning for ExtX==== | ||
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*tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sdaX | *tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sdaX | ||
*tune2fs -O | *tune2fs -O has_journal /dev/sdaX | ||
====Performance Tuning for NTFS==== | ====Performance Tuning for NTFS==== | ||
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=====Additional Notes===== | =====Additional Notes===== | ||
Whenever the DNSMASQ service is started it overwrites the /tmp/ | Whenever the DNSMASQ service is started it overwrites the /tmp/resolv.conf file with it's own version of that same file. It will also delete any symbolic link at /tmp/resolv.conf which typically points to /tmp/resolv.conf.auto. When the DNSMASQ service is stopped it "politely" recreates that symbolic link. An explanation is given here: https://forum.openwrt.org/t/solved-dnsmasq-resolv-conf-inconsitent/13972/2 Basically the site is saying that if the DNSMASQ service is started and you have your own "DNS Service", why do you need to use external DNS Servers (which makes sense). | ||
A side effect of the above behavior is it overwrites MWAN3 settings that are stored in /tmp/resolv.conf.auto. If one has custom external DNS servers enabled for multiple WAN ports they will no longer be used. This is not a flaw with OpenWRT, just a behavior to be aware of. If one needs to configure specific upstream DNS servers, any custom DNS servers configured with MWAN can be configured within DNSMASQ. Again, this is just something to be aware of. | A side effect of the above behavior is it overwrites MWAN3 settings that are stored in /tmp/resolv.conf.auto. If one has custom external DNS servers enabled for multiple WAN ports they will no longer be used. This is not a flaw with OpenWRT, just a behavior to be aware of. If one needs to configure specific upstream DNS servers, any custom DNS servers configured with MWAN can be configured within DNSMASQ. Again, this is just something to be aware of. | ||
The following is not an issue IF a custom /etc/dhcpd.conf file exists (IE, if the default OpenWRT method for configuring DHCPD is used via the /etc/config/dhcp file): There is a problem if one wishes to use DHCPD and NAMED / BIND instead of DNSMASQ as the DHCPD service is not as "polite" as the DNSMASQ service (NAMED / BIND does not cause any conflict). When the DHCPD service starts, as with DNSMASQ, the /tmp/resolv.conf file is replaced. The settings DHCPD configures in the file are the same as DNSMASQ. However, when the DHCPD service is stopped, as noted above, it is as "polite" as DNSMASQ because the symbolic link that directs /tmp/resolv.conf to /tmp/resolv.conf.auto is not recreated. This leaves the /tmp/resolv.conf file configured with the setting ''nameserver 127.0.0.1''. This can be an issue with BIND / NAMED if it is not configured to "answer" (listen and do recursive lookups) on 127.0.01 IP Address. So make sure the BIND / NAMED configuration file includes 127.0.0.1 IP Address in both the allow-recursion and listen-on-port sections. | The following is not an issue IF a custom /etc/dhcpd.conf file exists (IE, if the default OpenWRT method for configuring DHCPD is used via the /etc/config/dhcp file): There is a problem if one wishes to use DHCPD and NAMED / BIND instead of DNSMASQ as the DHCPD service is not as "polite" as the DNSMASQ service (NAMED / BIND does not cause any conflict). When the DHCPD service starts, as with DNSMASQ, the /tmp/resolv.conf file is replaced. The settings DHCPD configures in the file are the same as DNSMASQ. However, when the DHCPD service is stopped, as noted above, it is not as "polite" as DNSMASQ because the symbolic link that directs /tmp/resolv.conf to /tmp/resolv.conf.auto is not recreated. This leaves the /tmp/resolv.conf file configured with the setting ''nameserver 127.0.0.1''. This can be an issue with BIND / NAMED if it is not configured to "answer" (listen and do recursive lookups) on 127.0.01 IP Address. So make sure the BIND / NAMED configuration file includes 127.0.0.1 IP Address in both the allow-recursion and listen-on-port sections. | ||
Oddly, when doing a Google, Bing, etc search for these three terms: "resolvfile" "openwrt" "isc_dhcpd" NOTHING exists on the internet. Until now that is. | Oddly, when doing a Google, Bing, etc search for these three terms: "resolvfile" "openwrt" "isc_dhcpd" NOTHING exists on the internet. Until now that is. | ||
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rm /var/run/dhcpd.pid | rm /var/run/dhcpd.pid | ||
} | } | ||
</syntaxhighlight>And as of OpenWRT 22.0.Whatever, there's another issue. The path for RESOLV.CONF has changed from /tmp/resolv.conf to /tmp/resolv.conf.d/resolv.conf.auto. That change has been reflected in DNSMASQ, but it has NOT been reflected in DHCPD. Solution: Modify the above noted code shown above for /etc/init/d/dhcpd file as follows;<syntaxhighlight lang="text"> | |||
ln -sf "/tmp/resolv.conf.d/resolv.conf.auto" /tmp/resolv.conf | |||
</syntaxhighlight>The ''ln'' command corrects the symbolic link issue mentioned above. And the ''rm'' command corrects the PID file issue that never goes away, again mentioned above. Also note that if the DHCPD package is ever updated, the script will need to be modified again. A startup script could be written, but haven't had time to write that yet. This post gives a fairly goot hint on how to write it: https://askubuntu.com/questions/77149/how-to-find-text-and-replace-that-line-if-exists-with-terminal-otherwise-just-ap Although regular expressions wouldn't be necessary, just a check to see if "stop_service" exists anywhere in the dhcpd startup script and if it doesn't, insert it at the end. | </syntaxhighlight>The ''ln'' command corrects the symbolic link issue mentioned above. And the ''rm'' command corrects the PID file issue that never goes away, again mentioned above. Also note that if the DHCPD package is ever updated, the script will need to be modified again. A startup script could be written, but haven't had time to write that yet. This post gives a fairly goot hint on how to write it: https://askubuntu.com/questions/77149/how-to-find-text-and-replace-that-line-if-exists-with-terminal-otherwise-just-ap Although regular expressions wouldn't be necessary, just a check to see if "stop_service" exists anywhere in the dhcpd startup script and if it doesn't, insert it at the end. | ||
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*opkg install php7-mod-mbstring php7-mod-json php7-mod-hash php7-mod-ctype php7-mod-zip php7-mod-gd php7-mod-mysqli php7-mod-session php7-mod-snmp zoneinfo-northamerica (if one is in North America, if not, choose another zone and remember, phpMyAdmin will display a blank page with no error if a zoneinfo-WhatEverZone is not installed in addition to the zoneinfo-core package, see additional information below, dependencies will also be installed automatically). | *opkg install php7-mod-mbstring php7-mod-json php7-mod-hash php7-mod-ctype php7-mod-zip php7-mod-gd php7-mod-mysqli php7-mod-session php7-mod-snmp zoneinfo-northamerica (if one is in North America, if not, choose another zone and remember, phpMyAdmin will display a blank page with no error if a zoneinfo-WhatEverZone is not installed in addition to the zoneinfo-core package, see additional information below, dependencies will also be installed automatically). | ||
Make sure the /usr/share/apache2/htdocs/phpMyAdmin/tmp has 777 permissions, otherwise Apache based phpMyAdmin sites may stop responding: chmod | Make sure the /usr/share/apache2/htdocs/phpMyAdmin/tmp has 755 permissions (if 755 doesn't work, try 777, phpMyAdmin will whine about 'world permissions', otherwise Apache based phpMyAdmin sites may stop responding: chmod 755 /usr/share/apache2/htdocs/phpMyAdmin/tmp | ||
The following item is VERY important, hence it's typeface in '''BOLD''' CAPITAL letters. If the appropirate additional time zone module is not installed it can cause a completely invisible error (IE, no error in Apache, Lighttpd, or PHP logs). IE, it only displays a blank page. Even using a command line instance of PHP will not reveal the error. This line in the /phpMyAdmin/libraries/classes/Core.php file: date_default_timezone_set(@date_default_timezone_get()); is the source of the issue (Note, this is not the fault of phyMyAdmin, but it would be nice if they wrote a bit of code to address this situation). The error message that can be coaxed out of Lighttpd by taking that line of code and placing it in a file by itself is: Timezone database is corrupt – this should ''never'' happen! (thanks to this site for a key bit of information on that issue: https://e3fi389.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/timezone-database-is-corrupt-date-error-in-openwrt/) | The following item is VERY important, hence it's typeface in '''BOLD''' CAPITAL letters. If the appropirate additional time zone module is not installed it can cause a completely invisible error (IE, no error in Apache, Lighttpd, or PHP logs). IE, it only displays a blank page. Even using a command line instance of PHP will not reveal the error. This line in the /phpMyAdmin/libraries/classes/Core.php (or Common.php) file: date_default_timezone_set(@date_default_timezone_get()); is the source of the issue (Note, this is not the fault of phyMyAdmin, but it would be nice if they wrote a bit of code to address this situation). The error message that can be coaxed out of Lighttpd by taking that line of code and placing it in a file by itself is: Timezone database is corrupt – this should ''never'' happen! (thanks to this site for a key bit of information on that issue: https://e3fi389.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/timezone-database-is-corrupt-date-error-in-openwrt/) | ||
*'''ALSO MAKE SURE TO INSTALL THE APPROPRIATE TIME ZONE MODULE, IN ADDITION TO THE DEFAULT''' zoneinfo-core: opkg install zoneinfo-northamerica (for example) | *'''ALSO MAKE SURE TO INSTALL THE APPROPRIATE TIME ZONE MODULE, IN ADDITION TO THE DEFAULT''' zoneinfo-core: opkg install zoneinfo-northamerica (for example) | ||
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**pm.max_spare_servers = 6 | **pm.max_spare_servers = 6 | ||
**If MIN and MAX aren't set appropriately, this error will occur: ALERT: [pool www] pm.start_servers(5) must not be less than pm.min_spare_servers(1) and not greater than pm.max_spare_servers(3) | **If MIN and MAX aren't set appropriately, this error will occur: ALERT: [pool www] pm.start_servers(5) must not be less than pm.min_spare_servers(1) and not greater than pm.max_spare_servers(3) | ||
*Make sure bzip2 is installed or the myAdminPHP will complain. | |||
*PHP.ini: Add this line: extension=mysql.so | |||
*To diagnose any issues when attempting to access the phpMyAdmin setup this will display the error message (look for the line that says WarnMissingExtension to spot missing modules): php-cli /usr/share/apache2/htdocs/phpMyAdmin/setup/index.php | *To diagnose any issues when attempting to access the phpMyAdmin setup this will display the error message (look for the line that says WarnMissingExtension to spot missing modules): php-cli /usr/share/apache2/htdocs/phpMyAdmin/setup/index.php | ||
*One final note on Blank Page errors: Watch out for any minor typos in the config.inc.php file like a missing double quote ( " ) or single quote ( ' ) / AKA apostrophe. It will cause a 'blank page error', with nothing in the PHP, Apache, or other error logs. | |||
=====LetsEncrypt / ACME===== | =====LetsEncrypt / ACME===== | ||
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=====Restoring a Partition using DD Example===== | =====Restoring a Partition using DD Example===== | ||
*gzip -dk WhatEverFileName.img.gz | |||
*dd if=/mnt/sdb1/EXT4b-08.08.2020.img of=/dev/sda1 conv=sync,noerror bs=64K status=progress | *dd if=/mnt/sdb1/EXT4b-08.08.2020.img of=/dev/sda1 conv=sync,noerror bs=64K status=progress | ||
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***opkg update | ***opkg update | ||
***opkg install perl perlbase-http-tiny coreutils-stty perlbase-gdbm-file perlbase-extutils perlbase-storable perlbase-time perl-device-serialport perl-encode-locale perlbase-perlio perlbase-anydbm-file perlbase-anydbm-file perlbase-benchmark perlbase-charnames perlbase-db-file perlbase-dbm-filter perlbase-filecache perlbase-filetest perlbase-getopt perlbase-hash perlbase-sdbm-file perlbase-tap perlbase-test perlbase-unicode | ***opkg install perl perlbase-http-tiny coreutils-stty perlbase-gdbm-file perlbase-extutils perlbase-storable perlbase-time perl-device-serialport perl-encode-locale perlbase-perlio perlbase-anydbm-file perlbase-anydbm-file perlbase-benchmark perlbase-charnames perlbase-db-file perlbase-dbm-filter perlbase-filecache perlbase-filetest perlbase-getopt perlbase-hash perlbase-sdbm-file perlbase-tap perlbase-test perlbase-unicode | ||
***...and because the above list was trial and error and as Webmin has progressed over the months and years, it needs more PERL (yes, I know about the caps thing) modules, just throw the fistful of darts and install most perl stuff so these in addition too (will need to break it down into two lines probably because of line length limit): opkg install perlbase-bigint perlbase-bignum perlbase-blib perlbase-bytes perlbase-compress perlbase-data perlbase-db perlbase-devel perlbase-diagnostics perlbase-digest perlbase-dumpvalue perlbase-dumpvar perlbase-encoding perlbase-english perlbase-env perlbase-fatal perlbase-fields perlbase-filter perlbase-json-pp perlbase-math perlbase-memoize perlbase-meta-notation perlbase-module perlbase-mro perlbase-next perlbase-o perlbase-open perlbase-ops perlbase-pod perlbase-search perlbase-sigtrap perlbase-sort perlbase-term perlbase-thread perlbase-threads perlbase-universal perlbase-user perlbase-version | |||
**Possible Errors & Solutions during and after Installation; | **Possible Errors & Solutions during and after Installation; | ||
***Most errors will be due to missing PERL modules. So if space isn't an issue, just see the above 'throw all the darts at the dart board strategy' and install all PERL modules. Thanks Webmin for not making a complete list of all the necessary modules and also having your script not properly detect missing modules either. | |||
***"Perl Socket module not installed" Error will occur if perlbase-http-tiny is not installed. | ***"Perl Socket module not installed" Error will occur if perlbase-http-tiny is not installed. | ||
***"stty: not found" / "Login password: ./setup.sh: line 396: stty: not found" (the line number may be different depending on the version of the setup script an Webmin being installed) Error will occur if coreutils-stty is not installed | ***"stty: not found" / "Login password: ./setup.sh: line 396: stty: not found" (the line number may be different depending on the version of the setup script an Webmin being installed) Error will occur if coreutils-stty is not installed | ||